Biodiversity Information Science and Standards :
Conference Abstract
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Corresponding author: Adeline Kerner (kerner@mnhn.fr)
Received: 25 Sep 2021 | Published: 27 Sep 2021
© 2021 Aurore Gourraud, Régine Vignes Lebbe, Adeline Kerner, Marc Pignal
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Citation:
Gourraud A, Vignes Lebbe R, Kerner A, Pignal M (2021) Architectural Pattern: Study of orchid architecture using tools to take quick measurements of virtual specimens. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 5: e75752. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.5.75752
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The joint use of two tools applied to plant description, XPER3 and Recolnat Annotate, made it possible to study vegetative architectural patterns (Fig.
In the course of this work, the characters stated by N. Hallé were analysed and eventually amended to produce a data matrix and generate an identification key.
Study materials: Dendrobium Sw. in New Caledonia
New Caledonia is an archipelago in the Pacific Ocean, a French overseas territory located east of Australia. It is one of the 36 biodiversity hotspots in the world.
The genus Dendrobium Sw. sensu lato is one of the largest in the family Orchidaceae and contains over 1220 species. In New Caledonia, it includes 46 species. In his revision of the family, N.
Architectural pattern:
A pattern is a set of vegetative or reproductive characters that define the general shape of an individual. Developed by mechanisms linked to the dominance of the terminal buds, the architectural groups are differentiated by the arrangement of the leaves, the position of the inflorescences or the shape of the stem (Fig.
Monocotyledonous plants, and in particular the Orchidaceae, lend themselves well to this approach, which produces stable architectural patterns.
Recolnat Annotate
Recolnat Annotate is a free tool for observing qualitative features and making physical measurements (angle, length, area) of images. It can be used offline and downloaded from https://www.recolnat.org/en/annotate.
The software is based on the setting up observation projects that group together a batch of herbarium images to be studied, associating it with a descriptive model. A file of measurements can be exported in comma separated value (csv) format for further analysis (Fig.
XPER3
Usually used in the context of systematics in which the items studied are taxa, XPER3 can also be used to distinguish architectural groups that are not phylogenetically related.
Developed by the Laboratoire d'Informatique et Systématique (LIS) of the Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité in Paris, XPER3 is an online collaborative platform that allows the editing of descriptive data (https://www.xper3.fr/?language=en).
This tool allows the cross-referencing of items (in this case architectural groups) and descriptors (or characters). It allows the development of free access identification keys (it means without fixed sequence of identification steps). The latter can be used directly online. But it also offers to produce single-access keys, with or without using character weighting and dependencies between characters.
Links between XPER3 and Recolnat Annotate
The descriptive model used by Recolnat Annotate can be developed within the framework of XPER3, which provides for characters and character states. Thus the observations made by the Recolnat Annotate measurement tool can be integrated into the XPER3 platform. Specimens can then be compared, or several descriptions can be merged to express the description of a species (Fig.
RESULTS
The joint use of XPER3 and Recolnat Annotate to manage both herbarium specimens and architectural patterns has proven to be relevant. Moreover, the measurements on the virtual specimens are fast and reliable.
N.
Recolnat Annotate was used to produce observations from herbarium network in France. The use of XPER3 has allowed us to redefine these models in the light of new data from the herbaria and to publish the interactive key available at dendrobium-nc.identificationkey.org.
Dendrobium, Orchidaceae, XPER3, RECOLNAT, Recolnat Annotate, herbarium, interactive key, virtual specimens
Marc Pignal
TDWG 2021
RECOLNAT-ANR-11-INBS-0004