GBIO Framework (Hobern et al. 2012) identifying 20 components as essential elements of biodiversity informatics and organized as four layers of focus: Culture, Data, Evidence and Understanding.

  
  Part of: González-Aranda JM, Koureas D, Addink W, Hirsch T, Arvanitidis C, Albanés AJS, Schalk P (2019) Facing e-Biodiversity Challenges Together: GBIO framework-based synergies between DiSSCo and LifeWatch ERIC. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 3: e38554. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.3.38554